Reasons for the high rate of egg breakage
2021-01-22
In large-scale laying hen farms, broken eggs occur from time to time, but occasionally a few are fine, but when the breakage rate is high, you must be more vigilant. There are many reasons for the high rate of egg breakage, the common ones are the quality of the eggs themselves and improper management. Faced with this situation, we should find the reason, avoid it, and reduce the damage rate.
Reasons for the high rate of egg breakage
There are many reasons for egg breakage, here only some main factors that may cause egg breakage on site are discussed.
1. The egg's own factors
(1) Chicken breed and quality: The strength of eggshell is affected by genetics, and there will be some differences between breed and quality. Generally, brown eggs have a lower breakage rate than white eggs, and a chicken with more eggs has a higher breakage rate than a chicken with less eggs.
(2) Laying age: As the age increases, the egg gradually increases, the surface area of the egg also increases, and the strength of the egg shell decreases. Therefore, the older the laying hens, the higher the breakage rate.
(3) The laying posture of chickens: different qualities and the posture of laying eggs between individuals will vary. For caged chickens, standing or squatting higher, than lying or squatting lower, the egg breakage rate is higher. (4) Laying time: The hens lack the light required to absorb calcium at night, and the eggshells formed are thinner, so the breakage rate of eggs laid in the afternoon is lower than that in the morning. (5) Health status: A variety of diseases have an impact on the quality of eggshells, such as infectious bronchitis, which can cause abnormal egg structures and irregular shapes, and at the same time make the eggshell thinner and increase its breakage rate.
2. Nutrition
Among nutrition, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D have a greater impact on eggshell quality. Under normal circumstances, the calcium requirement in the ration of laying hens should be 2.7%~3.75%, which is 3~4 times larger than the 0.9% calcium requirement of non-laying hens. The phosphorus content should be 0.5%. Vitamin D can promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. For example, in the absence of vitamin D, even if the laying hens are fed rich calcium and phosphorus, soft-shelled eggs will be produced.
3. Environment
The temperature of the
chicken house has a greater impact on the eggshell. The higher the house temperature, the more damage the eggs will be. In summer, the eggshells of the eggs laid by chickens are usually about 5% thinner than those of other seasons. This is mainly because high temperature will reduce the chicken's feed intake and the intake of calcium. In addition, in a high-temperature environment, if the relative humidity is high, the heat dissipation of the chicken is not good, and the egg will be damaged even more.
4. Management
The impact of management work on egg breakage rate mainly has the following aspects.
(1) Human responsibility: This is the most important factor: whether it is handled with care during the operations of picking eggs, placing eggs, moving egg boxes and weighing, has a great impact on the damage rate of eggs.
(2) Daily management: Excessive stocking density, untimely picking of eggs, few laying boxes, and too little bedding will increase the breakage rate of eggs.
(3) Improper vaccination: If vaccination during the laying period, due to immune response, within a few days after vaccination, in addition to the decrease in egg production, the egg breakage rate will also increase.
5. Equipment
(1)
The type of chicken cage: Due to the difference in the arrangement of the cage and the way the eggs pass through the east egg trough, the damage rate will also vary. Generally, the damage rate of single-layer cages is higher than that of multi-layer cages. The reason is that the two rows of cages share an egg trough and the egg trough is located under the trough. Once applause occurs, it is not easy to find and repair in time.
(2) Cage body: The iron wire of the bottom net is too thick, the elasticity is poor, the inclination is not enough, or the egg trough of the lower cage is often collided, deformed, bent, welded, broken, the egg collection belt is tilted, and the front net is under the cage. There is no egg guard, or the eggs in the upper cage are pecked by the chickens in the lower cage, especially the ladder type, which often increases the breakage rate of the eggs.
(3)
Egg collection system: Poor connection between some parts of the egg collection system, rough production with dents, or too steep slope, too fast rolling, or more right angles in the conveying stroke, will increase its damage rate.
(4)
Egg container: Use metal buckets, wire baskets, or wooden boxes with rough inner walls or even exposed nails to hold eggs, or over-filled eggs and overlapped eggs, too large or too small slots in the egg tray will cause damage to the eggs. s reason.
(5) Uneven roads in the venue, carts or driving too fast will increase the damage of eggs.
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